专四非谓语动词习题解析?

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∝┵郗桖ス鬼ニ
∝┵郗桖ス鬼ニ 2023-03-17 17:50
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  • 2023-03-17 18:26

    一) 动名词或不定式作主语:【考例】 ________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(2014湖南)A. UnderstandingB. To be understoodC. Bein来自g underst360问答oodD. Havin扩后外例饭川海吗完丰g understood解析:A。understand与your own needs and 必小余西styles of communication之间为主动关系,空白处需用非谓语动词的主动形式。【点拨】动名词或不定式作主语,有时可以通用。区别在于:动名词常表示抽象的、经常的动作另选或一般情况。不定式表示具体的、一次性或将要发生的动作。(二)非谓语动针包诉词作定语:不定式作后置定语,通常用主夫指动形式表示被动意义。单个的分词通常作前置定语,分词短语作后置定语。现在分词表主动、表进行;过去分词表被动、表完成。动名词作前置定语,表明被修饰词的用途。【考例1】 Jim has retired, but he still remembers the h领身日增造意况appy time _________ with hi川各烧环衡耐景响伤把s students.(2017北京)A. to spendB. spendC. spendingD. spent解析:D。句意:吉姆已经退休了,但是他仍然记得和他的学生们一起度过的快乐时光。设空觉力品新激端施据别香首处作后置定语,且time和spend之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式。【考例2】 In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within 燃裂己怕适苗律the work.(2016江苏)A. to hideB. hiddenC. hidingD. being hidden解析: B。本句中名词短语a secret message与动词hide构成被动关系,所以使用过去分词短语hidden within the work在句中作后置定语。(三)不定式、现在分词或过去分词作状语:不定式和现在分词与句子的主语之间是主动关系,过去分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系。【考例1】 Like ancient sailors, birds ca必航秋n find their way ________ the sun and the stars.(2015重庆)精各A. usedB. having usedC. usingD. use解析:C。birds是use这一动作的发出者,用动词-ing形式作状语。【考例2】 ________ i维第委n the poorest area of Glasgow, he h拉浓族底绍尔ad a long, 凯标hard road 限查了张断胶益to becoming a foo兰tball star.(201稳司指效标规氢5重庆)A. Being raisedB. RaisingC. RaisedD. To raise解析:C。主语he与raise之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,故用raise的过去分词形式,表示被动。【考例3】 The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.(2017天津)A. being allowedB. allowingC. having allowedD. allowed解析:B。句意:这所医院近期获得了新的医疗设备,这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。根据题干可知,allow和其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故排除A、D项。allow并没有先于obtain发生,可排除C项。【考例4】 If ________ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.(2013江西)A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked解析:A。“连词+现在分词/过去分词”作状语,相当于省略的状语从句。主句为祈使句,默认主语为you;主语you与动词ask之间为被动关系,故使用过去分词。(四)不定式、现在分词或过去分词作补语:不定式和现在分词与宾语之间是主动关系,过去分词与宾语之间是被动关系。【考例】 When we saw the road ________ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.(2013北京)A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked解析:D。动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系,构成短语see sb/ sth done。

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